Given the binomials (x + 1), (x + 4), (x − 5), and (x − 2), which one is a factor of f(x) = 3x3 − 12x2 − 4x − 55?

you have to do long division/synthetic division which I'm not going to try an type out on here.
(x - 5) (3x^2 + 3x + 11)

factor : (x - 5)